Enigma software virus

The Frankenstein Virus, on the other hand, is a new breed altogether that could render itself nearly undetectable. Conceived by Vishwath Mohand and Keven Hamlen at the University of Texas at Dallas, the Frankenstein Virus was created to demonstrate the potential for hard-to-detect viruses.

In the case of Frankenstein Virus, it was put together from benign code borrowed from ordinary programs. You can literally think of the Frankenstein Virus being created just like the Frankenstein monster, hence its name, where bits of body parts where used from ordinary individuals to create what we conceive as a monster.

The Frankenstein Virus is not much different from that conception only it uses, for obvious reasons, computer code from ordinary programs. Frankenstein Virus's creation would ultimately show that it is possible to construct any computer program in an instance where enough gadgets are given.

These gadgets are short instructions that perform a specific type of small task. Hamlen and Mohan, the masterminds behind the Frankenstein Virus, could build working malware code by means of two simple algorithms from two gadgets. The creation will be reminiscent of a simple malware threat, the basic logic that real malware would use to unpack itself. Hamlen says, "We consider this a strong indication that this could be scaled up to full malware.

The Frankenstein Virus follows pre-set blueprints that tell it to perform certain tasks. These tasks are rather simple, such as copying pieces of data and swap in gadgets capable of performing those tasks. As a bonus, the Frankenstein Virus would be difficult to detect due to its ability to swap gadgets each time it infects a new computer.

Antivirus software would not detect such a threat because the virus would always look different, even though the end-effects are the same. We must also understand the complexity and potential threat a virus such as Frankenstein Virus could cause. Publishers or speakers were subjected to a higher standard because they exercised editorial control. They could be strictly liable for transmitting illegal content. But distributors were different.

They acted as a mere conduit without exercising editorial control, and they often transmitted far more content than they could be expected to review. Distributors were thus liable only when they knew or constructively knew that content was illegal. See, e. Prodigy Services Co. Smith v. California , U. An early Internet company was sued for failing to take down defamatory content posted by an unidentified commenter on a message board.

The company contended that it merely distributed the defamatory statement. But the company had also held itself out as a family-friendly service provider that moderated and took down offensive content. This modest understanding is a far cry from what has prevailed in court. Adopting the too-common practice of reading extra immunity into statutes where it does not belong, see Baxter v.

Bracey , U. I address several areas of concern. Zeran v. America Online, Inc. And subsequent decisions, citing Zeran , have adopted this holding as a categorical rule across all contexts. Lycos, Inc. To be sure, recognizing some overlap between publishers and distributors is not unheard of.

Sources sometimes use language that arguably blurs the distinction between publishers and distributors. Keeton, D. Dobbs, R. Owen, Prosser and Keeton on Law of Torts , 5th ed. Our subscribers are individual users, businesses, and governmental agencies who subscribe to our service over the Internet.

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